Breathless

Breathless On a weekday, I meet my friend Alberto H. ‘17, who I haven’t seen in a long while, for dinner. We live farther away from each other this year, and we’re all always busy, so this is, surprisingly, a rare chance. I ask him how his life’s been lately. He pulls out his cellphone, and explains his life to me in terms of his calendar schedule, which has everything on it from important academic and club activities to hangout time with friends. His whole life is parsed out into little hour and half-hour red blocks, many of which overlap. He talks me through how this week he’s been working with minority high school students visiting campus, TA-ing for a class or two, and applying to grad school a year early (because he is “one of those”, you might say). He runs through his hangouts at Wellesley with his friends there, tells me about his girlfriend, and we both get excited about the Amharic class he’s taking at Harvard. On our way out of the dining hall, I stop to get some coffee and he chats with a friend he runs into, and they start arguing about some physics test or pset question (he’s Course 8: Physics). “It’ll be 1/e, I’m sure of it!”, he yells back to her as we walk out. “I’m sad”, I say, “I feel like I haven’t seen you guys at all this year,” referring to our mutual group of friends who are all staying in the Hyatt. “Yeah,” he says, “and I might go to Italy for IAP. We’re all busy.” There’s a moment of quiet, after all the rapid talking we’ve been doing to catch up. “Love you bye!” he shouts, giving me a hug and leaving to go do whatever small, red block he’s got next. As I walk back to my dorm, I bump into one of my housemates, who tells me about her worries about her relationship. She doesn’t want to make it sound like her boyfriend is an extracurricular activity, but at the end of the day, she’s been stressed out trying to keep up with everythingclasses, activities, applicationsand she doesn’t know how to tactfully ask him to let her focus on her busy career and academic life for a second. A Facebook post from my friend, Pedro P. ‘17: “I didnt know I could run at this speed. Im on pace to have the busiest and most productive week of my life”. Yet another busy, hard working friend says while we are psetting 2.001 together, “I feel like it’s not just class that makes college hardif it were just school, I could handle it, but there’s all this other stuff on top of that”. She’s worried about being able to get a job to help pay for school, on top of doing a lot of great things with culture and advocacy clubs on campus. And I, myself? I was originally going to write and publish this post earlier, but this past week I became avalanched with work. I haven’t been posting as many blogs as I used to. I was feeling unwell and sick over the weekend, so I didn’t accomplish very much. Even though we had the day off Monday, all of my work was due on Tuesday, except 6.005, which I took an extension on. I slept four hours every night this week. Today, Friday, I’m really, really feeling the results. I planned to go to sleep and wake up early to do my 2.001 pset before it was duealas, my body betrayed me (or rather, revolted against my absurd demands of it) and I slept through my alarm. I woke up an hour and a half before class, wrote down some equations after looking through our class discussion site and handed whatever I had in. I could use this post as a platform to rant about why 6.005 should really be considered 22 credits instead of 12, but hold on. What most people don’t seem to understandboth about themselves and about othersis that even if you love what you do, that doesn’t mean it’s not hard, and that it can’t hurt you. You still need to separately take care of yourself, your social life, and your physical health apart from your passionswhich is what I’m now realizing. Even though I think this last week I’ve gotten the least amount of sleep than I ever have in maybe my whole life, and literally spent every other non-sleeping hour working (80% of which was on 6.005) I still, still think it’s a lot better than my freshman year here, and it’s been really incredible being able to do and accomplish everything that I have. I like my work a lot. Coding in 6.005 has become really interesting and intriguing, and my Mech E. classes make me appreciate math again (if only slightly). Being on the Chinese Students Club exec board has always been great, and I have a much better appreciation for the community that it provide s this year. The UROP I’m beginning in the MIT Media Lab is fascinating and, I think, will teach me a lot of practical skills. I’ve also been working a Federal Work Study job with a nonprofit called Be More America, which aims to solve racial inequalities in health care. As someone interested in advocacy and similar problems, I find the work fulfilling and the discussions interesting. I recently received an email question from John Clarke, of Virginia Tech. “What is the workload like?” is also a question of, “what counts as work?” Even when it comes to the actual, definite, academic workload, a lot of people really do like their classes. For me, spring semester freshman year was definitely an academic fire hose/waterfall/field of fire and flames/what have you, but sophomore year is a little different. I like my classes so much more; I actually want to learn and understand the material (which sadly I could not say was true of some of the general classes like 18.03), and I do feel I’m doing better in them than before, too. I don’t think there’s anyway for MIT to not be hard, but I actually think a lot of people take on, intentionally, more than they have to. Joining a club or community, for example, is not at all a requirement. Having a job is a gray areamany people really do need them to help pay for personal expenses, but sometimes some students just want to be a TA or do community service work study, and the money earned is more of a bonus than the main attraction, an addition to what they earned over the summer. And there’s a term, “FOMO”, or “Fear of Missing Out”, that I think also describes a lot of peopleit’s difficult to say “no” to things when actually, you really do want to do them, but simply don’t have the time. There are 1) only so many hours in a day and 2) we have physical limits (which I’ve been recently both pushing and discovering) (which is probably bad). We all have our different ways of balancing, however precariously, life and school. Except it’s not really just life and school. School isn’t really just schoolit’s classes you have to take, yes, but it’s also really cool research, projects you are passionate about, things that genuinely excite you and you really feel motivated to put time into. Then, there are clubs and communities: culture clubs, Greek life, student committees and executive boards you are on to try to help actually effect change or make a difference in this community, on issues that you care about. Groups where your obligation is not a grade, but your commitment to the community, and your relationships with others. Lastly, there are the least structured commitments, and therefore sometimes the areas that take the most hits: family, friendships, relationships. It’s best if you can work those last three things into academic and community lifehang out with your fraternity brothers at a house meeting, catch u p with a classmate at a BSU barbecue, whisper about your summer activities with an old floormate during a Course 2 advising presentation. But sometimes you can’t. It’s difficult to make time for people. The people in my life are very important to me, and I try very hard to make time to maintain my relationships with them. I try to have rulesfor example, if my time is not directly and definitely occupied (i.e, I would be doing something or other but I don’t actually have a scheduled commitment) I don’t refuse an invitation from someone to hang out. I’ll never refuse lunch or a coffee run. If I am busy, I try to find a way to visit/hang out/eat food later the same day or the next. But sometimes, some of my friends that have also been operating in their own spheres of academics, communities, activities, life. Instead, I need to extend invitations to them sometimes, and it takes extra effort to remember to do this. And sometimes, while we are together, they are still checking their email, updating calendars, fitting everything into everything else a little bit too tightly, so that school and clubs overflows into hangout time. It’s a weird mix of being honestly, genuinely happy, and yet feeling stressed about workload and time. This is the most rigorous and exciting challenge of our whole life thus far. College students (all college students) are high capacity individuals, pushed to the highest limits of their capacity. It is exciting to have to use your brain that way, to stretch your mind in corners you didn’t know existed in your skull, to just grow, soaking up all this knowledge and all these experiences. To learn so quickly that you look back and realize you sort-of-mastered Python in only three weeks, which you could not have done in any other environment. To see your ideas for your clubs and communities actually happen, to hold that event, to start that new student group, to actually have participation from a lot of people. Sometimes people clamoring, slow down for your own good! (although they are perfectly right) dont realize that for many of us, this is what we want to be doing. This is what we came here to do. It’s just that, at least on occasion, we need to slow down, and stop, and breathe. (A view from the boat where MITCSC held our Utopia event. When we pulled back into the harbor I took a moment just to look at everything, between all the craziness of planning.)   Note: I posted a more poetic version of this post on Tumblr, if youd like to see it, its here Note #2: Im posting this as-is (typos and all) to reflect my mental state as I was writing it throughout the week Note #3: 6.005 really should be 22 credits -___-

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The Challenge of Diversity Essay - 2168 Words

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Awareness of other cultures also helps to pro mote personal growth by making you confront typical stereotypes about other cultures and learn how to communicate with people of different cultures. When you learn how to communicate with others, you also gain perspective. â€Å"Learning to see another human being†¦as a full person in not an automatic event but an achievement that requires overcoming many obstacles† (Nussbaum).This perspective helps you see the world in a new light. When we are younger, all we have to live on is our parent’s perspective, â€Å"we see things not as they are but as we are† (Loewen) but as we grow older and mature, we gain our own perspective. With each new person you meet, you have the opportunity to view the world through their eyes and see how life is for them. Perspective is what America need to become more accepting of other cultures. 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Macroeconomics Assignment - 642 Words

Scenario 1 Task 1 Aggregate wage measures the overall cost of labor, and the index shows the percentage of change in this value over the period examined in this case, there has been an increase of 4.59% in the aggregate wage. The aggregate for each year is calculated by multiplying the rate by the number of staff for each grade (to weight the wages correctly), then summing the results; the index is simply the current year divided by the base year and multiplied by 100. The average rate measures the costs of labor in the amount-per-unit of labor rather than as an overall or total measure, in this case showing a 2.47% increase over the period in question. Average rates for each year are calculated by taking the same sum of rate times number of staff for each grade and dividing by total number of staff; the index is current year/base year * 100. Task 2 The Laspeyres figure for the current year is by definition (and calculation) 100, and for Paasche is 1000. 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Journal of Small Business and Enterprise - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Journal of Small Business and Enterprise. Answer: Components of Growth The purpose of this task is to provide a brief overview about the activities of a company which they shall initiate to remain in competence. Further it talks about the role of resources and the management of human resources in organization. Further it also discusses about formal informal practices and its difficulties in organization. More details about the task about discussed below Human resources are the most important asset of an organization which helps them to achieve their defined target and aim high in the competitive market. The human resources are innovative, creative and efficient enough to help an organization to attain their targets in the market (Autio, Acs, 2010). Human resource is an asset for the organization which uses all other non-living assets of the organization provides output from it to the company. This is the basic and the foremost role of the human resource in the organization that is to support the organization towards the achievement of their objective. It shall be noted that only human resources of the company cannot help the organization to achieve their targets but other intellectual resources are also required by the organization to remain in competence. Intellectual capital refers to all the other resources present in premises of an organization which has its significant share in the growth of an organization. It helps an organi zation to become competitive and initiate activities at a faster speed and eliminate repetition of work. Depending upon the type of equipment, it helps the human resources and somehow decreases its burden so that they can focus on other aspects as well (McCord, 2014). These resources have a major role in helping the organization to become competitive, but if these resources are misused then they can hamper the growth of the organization as well. Thus, it is the duty of the management of the organization to look after the use of such resources and monitor the work of employees with the equipment as well. Apart from that the organization also needs to concentrate on the technological implementation and changes present in the environment which directly affects the growth of the company. If the intellectual resources used are out-dated and of low quality then the output produced will also portray the same quality in its specification. Thus the organization shall monitor the external environment and then analyze the incompetency present in the internal system. Then they shall aim to change ad adopt new technologies to maintain their image in the competitive environment (Ram, 2000). Further in order to adequately make use of the resources available with them organization firstly need to manage the resources properly and then use them in their business functions. Initially talking about the human resources, hey can managed in the organization if they are satisfied with the working of the company (Mollick, 2012). The organization shall focus on the needs and requirement of their employees and satisfy them. With this process the employees will get motivated and work in order to help the organization to complete its target, this will also reduce employee turnover and improve the image of the company as well. Next coming on intellectual resources, the employees shall regularly check the machines and equipment, and they shall also maintain and develop the intellectual resources. Development of thee resources is very important in todays world artificial intelligence is majorly used be organizations to gain competence (Maresch, Fink, Harms, 2016). These practices shall be co-ordinated and implemented by all the employees in the organization. Further and informal practices both are important for an organization to work smoothly, formal practices helps in creating responsibility and accountability whereas informal helps in initiating communication and bond between the employees of the organization. But they shall be balanced to a certain level as more of formal practice can levy strictness and more of informal can levy ignorance in the organization. So, the managers can regulate it by defining the individual targets which the employees shall achieve and accountability to department manger, this will help in completion of work and communication with the head by eliminating barriers (Barringer, Ireland, 2015). Difficulties in becoming formal is that employees will not stay for long time in organization due to strictness, lack of free communication, heavy burden of work and responsibilities as well. Lastly, finance helps the organization to take calculative risk in the target market and expand their business as well. Apart from that information of finance keeps the stakeholder interest in the activities of business as well. Thus, the above mentioned task discusses about the competent of growth in a competitive market. References Autio, E. Acs, Z. (2010). Intellectual property protection and the formation of entrepreneurial growth aspirations. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 4: 234251. Barringer, B.R. Ireland, R.D. (2015). Entrepreneurship: successfully launching new ventures, Global Edition, 5th edition, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. pp.424-461. Maresch, D., Fink, M. Harms, R. (2016). When patents matter: The impact of competition and patent age on the performance contribution of intellectual property rights protection, Technovation, 57: 14-20. McCord, P. (2014). How Netflix Reinvented HR. (cover story). Harvard Business Review, 92(1/2), 70-76. Mollick, E. (2012). People and process, suits and innovators: the role of individuals in firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 33: 1001-1015. Ram, M. (2000). Professionals at work transition in a small service firm. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 7(1): 69-77.

The Status of Native Culture and Identity In Contemporary Society Depicted In Thomas King’s Borders free essay sample

Thomas King’s Borders, is a first person narrative designed to represent the continuing loss of identity experienced by the native population in contemporary North America. Borders tells the story of a native family living on a reservation located close to the Albertan-Montanan boarder in Western Canada. The protagonist of Borders is the unnamed mother of the family, who by refusing to properly state her nationality, is not allowed to cross the border with her young son. When asked to state her nationality by the border authorities, the mother answers â€Å"Blackfoot. † This confuses the border guards, who are expecting the general answer of â€Å"American† or â€Å"Canadian. † The mother refuses to generalize her ethnicity as distinctly American or Canadian, which results in the family’s inability to cross the border line. King draws on the use of satire in Borders to comically address the lack of identity attributed to natives in contemporary society. We will write a custom essay sample on The Status of Native Culture and Identity In Contemporary Society Depicted In Thomas King’s Borders or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This essay will critically examine King’s work to showcase the function of figurative cultural borders in modern day society, as well as the concerning issue of native identity in the text. The mother’s proud refusal to equate her racial background with citizenship, Laetita’s attitude toward her cultural identity as a Blackfoot in the text, and the treatment of the narrator and his mother by the border authorities: all illustrate the cultural and political position of King’s text. King showcases the loss of native’s unique cultural identity to the pressures of assimilation, while also providing a political commentary on the treatment of native peoples and native culture in contemporary North America. As the protagonist of the text, the mother’s racial pride and stubbornness comes to the forefront in terms of thematic elements harboured in King’s work. The mother’s conservative attitude creates a significant tension in the introduction of the text. The narrator’s older sister named Laetita is moving across the border to Utah’s capital, Salt Lake City. Laetita is enamoured with the prospects of moving away from her family, while her Mother is noticeably unimpressed with the idea of her daughter living so far away from home. â€Å"â€Å"This is really lousy coffee. † â€Å"You’re just angry because I want to see the world. † â€Å"It’s the water. From here down, they got lousy water†Ã¢â‚¬  (King, 355). This passage showcases the mother’s negative views of America by King’s use of the word â€Å"lousy. † â€Å"Lousy,† is used to describe the coffee the mother and Laetita purchased on the American side of the border. â€Å"From here down† refers to the mother’s opinion of American water being inferior to Canadian water. The mother’s negative attitude towards the American water is indicative of her connection to the simplistic nature of native culture. While Laetita is attracted to the luxuriousness lifestyle of a big city, the Mother clearly advocates a more basic, ruralized setting reflective of native culture. The mother is clearly content with having simple necessities in her life, such as fresh tasting water, opposed to the more glamorous lifestyle Laetita that attracts her daughter. Laetita eventually moves to Salt Lake City and sends her family mail asking them to come visit her. An attempted trip to visit Laetita is thwarted by the mother’s inability to declare her official citizen at the border. â€Å"â€Å"Citizenship? † â€Å"â€Å"Blackfoot,† my mother repeated. â€Å"Canadian? † â€Å"Blackfoot. † It would have been easier if my mother had just said â€Å"Canadian† and been done with it, but I could see she wasn’t going to do that† (King, 357). The confrontation between the Mother and the border guards indicates a duality assiocated with the text’s title â€Å"Borders. † For King, there are two distinct interpretations of the meaning of border in the story. One is the obvious physical border separating the territory between Canada and the U. S. ; while the other is a metaphorical border indicating a difference between an individual’s citizenship and racial identity. The mother will not conform to identifying herself as Canadian or American, because she is content and proud of her ethnical identity as Blackfoot. The mother dismisses the concept of the physical border between the two countries. This is reflective in the opening lines of the story, where the narrator refers to the border between the U. S. and Canada to be nothing more than a â€Å"line† (King, 355). The mother feels no inclination to justify her ethnicity to the government. She is proud of her identity as a Blackfoot, and she feels as if she should be able to cross the imaginary border line as a Blackfoot, not as Canadian or American. The mother represents traditional native culture, and the loss of native identity in contemporary society. Contrastingly, her daughter Laetita is representative of a significant decline in native culture throughout North America. Laetita’s attitude towards her Blackfoot heritage changes dramatically throughout the text. Laetita is not content with her life on the reserve; she decides to make a change in her surroundings and crosses the border into America. â€Å"It was kind of exciting†¦listening to Laetita read all about how Salt Lake City was one of the best places in the entire world. â€Å"That Salt Lake place sounds too good to be true,† my mother told her. â€Å"It has everything. † â€Å"We got everything right here. † â€Å"It’s boring here†Ã¢â‚¬  (King, 358). The conflict in this passage between Laetita and her mother is indicative of the declining influence of native culture on younger generations. Laetita represents this decline, her pursuit of a new life in America shows her willingness to conform, something her mother intensely denies. The decline of native self-identity in the text is also evident in the last moments between Laetita and her mother, before Laetita leaves for Salt Lake City. â€Å"â€Å"You can still see the mountain from here,† my mother told Laetita in Blackfoot. â€Å"Lots of mountains in Salt Lake,† Laetita told her in English† (King, 356). Laetita speaks English while her mother speaks Blackfoot. This contrast accurately portrays the decline of native identity in the text. Laetita is leaving her ancestral home, and therefore discards her native dialect in favour of English, the only major language of the United States. The themes of King’s Borders provide insight to the declining status of native self-identity, as well as the submersion of native culture in contemporary society. It is critical to recognize King’s position as a Cherokee native in relation to the themes of his narrative. The significance of Borders resides in King’s political commentary on the way in which Native Americans are identified and treated in today’s society. â€Å"â€Å"I know,† said the woman, â€Å"and I’d be proud of being Blackfoot if I were Blackfoot. But you have to be American or Canadian†Ã¢â‚¬  (King, 359). The Canadian border guard is portrayed by King as being more friendly and compassionate then the American guards. She shows compassion towards the mother for her stubbornness, and also clearly respects the mother for her racial pride. This showcases the contrast in how Native Americans are viewed in Canada as opposed to America. In comparison, the American guards ignorantly addressed the situation, failing to recognize the Mother’s cultural integrity. The mother is incorrectly addressed as â€Å"Blackfeet† (357). This portrays the American image of â€Å"natives† to be negative. Instead of recognizing the Mother as a proud member of the Blackfoot community, the guard generalizes and pluralizes her identity. Government bureaucracy still reigns supreme, as the Canadian guard cannot let the mother pass the boarder without properly stating her citizenship. â€Å"You have to be American or Canadian. † The mother is finally granted passage to America as a Blackfoot, but only after much controversy and hardship. While her delay at the border was unnecessary, her strong claim to her native identity allows her to travel on her own terms as a proud Blackfoot native. King’s narrative is important to Canadian literature because it showcases the declining status of native identity in North America. Native culture is an integral part of Canadian history, and as a educated reader of this narrative, it is crucial to recognize the negative aspects of native treatment in contemporary society. Works Cited

Case study of HIV in South Africa

Case study of HIV in South Africa Introduction The HIV pandemic is considered as among the most destructive of health crises of the 20th and 21st century. The death toll from this scourge continues to rise as the search for a cure continues. The South Saharan Africa is among the hardest hit with up to 6.1 percent of the adult population living with the virus.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Case study of HIV in South Africa specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This percentage represents the infected population alone (Lori 1). The number of affected individuals include more men, women and children who depend or rely on the infected for livelihood. This saddening state of affairs is the foundation of my research that seeks to evaluate the HIV AIDS scourge as a human security concern. I will give specific regard to South Africa where at least 5.6 million people are living with the virus with an annual death toll of at least 310,000 adults. This makes South Africa among the most affected countries in the world. Among the middle-aged adults between the age of 15 and 49, the prevalence is up to 17.8 percent (Strode and Kitty 7). This has trapped the state between the local need to maintain and provide treatment for the infected and the international and global campaign to eradicate the disease. This has led to the formulation, implementation and adaptation of the various measures aimed at securing medical treatment and social acceptance of the victims while maintaining a margin of economic growth and social confidence. From the simplistic approach of human security, human sanctity and social responsibility, this research is inspired to take an analytical and critical approach in combating HIV and AIDS in South Africa as a human security concern. This approach provides for the individual role, duty and responsibility to safeguard and maintain a conducive livelihood (Parsons Pp. 1-83). Literature Review The human security concept is consid ered as being a historical as well as a contemporary concept that has survived the various eras and ideological regimes by undergoing through three main phases. The first was the simplistic and physical conception of weaponry and military hardware. This was motivated by the climax of the industrial revolution and the need to safeguard territory and boundary.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was characterized by the two World Wars that saw an extensive destruction of property and human life. This negative side of the warfare led to the re-interpretation of human security on the onset of the Cold War that ushered in the second phase of the human security approach. This second phase was centered on capitalist ideology and post communism concepts. Human security was then considered as a representation of the value attached to social balance and coexistence amidst econom ic competition and differences. This era saw the signing of numerous treaties concerning various sectors and fields of interest for nations and states. It was characterized by the commencement and end of the Cold War along with the various anti weaponry campaigns that culminated in the Geneva conventions. This phase was however short lived as the focus suddenly changed to embrace the emerging contemporary concerns such as terrorism and pandemics. The interstate disputes were no longer a center of interest as more pressing concerns came up. Terrorism, poverty and civil conflict took the center stage and became the focal point for nations and international organizations. This change is fundamentally motivated by democracy and the need to enforce the principle of natural justice and rule of law across administrative regimes. However, there can never be a specific comprehensive approach that fully explains the concept of human security and the change in goal posts by the various theoris ts and research scientists. Though, there are pertinent commonalities and similarities in the various proposed approaches. Majority take a physical security approach to the human security concept advocating for the physical safety of members of society as being the correct interpretation of human security while others employ the dignity approach that advocates for security beyond the physical structural security of the person. The dignity approach suggests that it is the economic, social and political harmony that amounts to human security and ultimately social dignity (Donnelly pp. 85-111).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Case study of HIV in South Africa specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A harmony of these two arguments, appropriately reconciles the conflict between them since it is imperative that it is not enough to build a fortress around a city. There is a subsequent need to ensure that the political, social an d economic aspects of the territory being protected are worth the trouble. In the various respects, therefore the human security concept can be reconciled to be a balance between the military, physical, economic as well as the socio-cultural aspects that represents the development of dignity and ultimate prosperity. This balance is specifically exemplified by the South African history that dates back to the apartheid rule that sought to begin with physical security at the expense of the social and economic security. However, the lack of economic and political security slowly motivated the rise of civil unrest making it clearly insecure even for the physically secured areas. The liberation struggle marked the need for political and economic stability. This clearly the inadvertent interdependence between the two approaches to human security (Held pp. 53-72). Subsequently, the state has been left with little option but to operate under the compromise of both approaches. This has motiva ted the signing of the various peace agreements and treaties that have not only maintained political but social security as well as physical security by safeguarding economic growth. Modern research scientists take the concept further by advocating for the use of economic means to facilitate and secure human development and sanctity. This goes contrary to the capitalist adaptation that has seen human needs adjust to serve economic interests. They advocate for adjusting economic opportunities to serve human development. In this, pretext the individual access to reliable and cost effective healthcare facilities along with equitable access to opportunities for economic profitability locally and regionally builds up to the human security concept.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This line of argument sets the stage for the presentation of AIDS as a human security concern. It interferes and hinders the enjoyment of the fundamental precepts of human dignity. It causes a human resource shortage and limits the market potential of the available remaining human resource. This acts to hinder and deter the physical as well as the broader concept of human security. The human sanctity premise provides that every citizen has an equal intrinsic value. The premise proposes that every citizen has an equal talent value and is therefore entitled to an equal opportunity to contribute to social life. Human security on the other hand offers protection of the physical self and furthers the self-expression presupposition centered on human integrity. AIDS infects an individual but the community at large feels its effects. The failure or lack of effective measures by the government to control the spread of the pandemic amounts to a compromise of their duty to maintain physical se curity and by extension human security. It should therefore be the case that AIDS compromises human security in numerous respects (Booysen Pp. 125-144). Purpose of Research The primary goal of this research is to establish a connection and relationship between AIDS as a pandemic and human security. Human security will be approached from a personalized approach by discussing the obligation of individual institutions and persons such as the government, corporations and individuals. To achieve this, the research will establish a case for the relationship between the premise of human sanctity and human security as the link between the actors of HIV and AIDS and the responses to these actors in the context of the fight against the disease in South Africa. This will also offer a basis for the making of quantified conclusions and recommendations in policy and practice. Undeniably, the need for viable and justifiable policies and procedures for sustainable human security continues to increa se with the increase in the number of people infected with the virus. It comes at a time when South Africa continues to counter the effects of declining state sovereignty and increasing local demand for a stable political environment. This study therefore aims at providing a reliable solution to the procurement and protection of human security (Patton and Sawick Pp. 21-73). Research Question The limited access to sustainable livelihoods has become a serious motivator of the increasing number of cases of HIV infections. It leads to subsequent social structural instability that diminishes the standards of human security and sanctity. This study investigates the place of HIV/ AIDS as a human security concern in the context of the HIV AIDS scenario in South Africa. Research method This research engages secondary information that has been accumulated for two years on the HIV AIDS pandemic in South Africa and the human security concept. The data draws from reports on interactions with cit izens in various townships and cities in the greater Johannesburg Pretoria that were made by researchers in the various reports and researches. The secondary information is interrogated in the order of relevance and the appropriate citations made to support the various opinions and suggestions. An analysis of the various proposed arguments along with personal input on the subject of human security and the HIV/AIDS pandemic will offer a diverse and holistic argument for the security of sanctity and the sanctity of security. The HIV /AIDS is portrayed as a justification for the need to employ this argument in the development and drafting of the various policies and procedures that the government of South Africa adopts and implements (Terrblanche 98). Limitations of the research Human security like all other concepts has the capacity to accommodate al individuals and nations. This in effect leads to a strong limitation in the maximum possible scope that can be covered by a single repor t since it would be infeasible to attempt to accommodate all these players. A further limitation exists in the fact that the research is limited to secondary information that is chosen based on the availability and accessibility of the information. This could lead to a considerable amount of bias (Harvey pp. 53-72). Results and discussion The focal point of this discussion and research are three questions. The first concerns what exactly is security while the second is what exactly sanctity is. The final question goes to ascertain the relationship between AIDS sanctity and security. Human sanctity Sanctity is a representation of the humane individuality in a person. It is an aspect of the person that is considered inherent and an articulation of fulfillment of the person. From an enlightment perspective, sanctity is a representation of the capability of the human to be rational. It is considered to exist as an end to human beings as opposed to being a means. This approach interrogat es sanctity as an end as well as a means for a livelihood to the person. The modernist rationalist as well as the intrinsic human dignity arguments motivates the contrast between these two conceptions as portrayed in the concept of globalization. The responsibility lies in every human to safeguard and protect individual actualization and actively participate in maintaining such actualization. The responsibility of the individual lies in protecting and developing dignity. The individual is under a duty to maintain the economic political and social duty to develop, enable and maintain a suitable economic environment for the livelihood and life beyond living. The individual, the state and corporations have an interdependent duty to create a favorable environment for the development of the intrinsic worth of human life (Hemmati pp. 39-72). Sanctity and freedom Freedom is the ultimate measure of social security and forms the basis. It is an indication of the effectiveness of initiatives undertaken by the individual, corporations and the state in maintaining social security. Security of society by extension offers security to the individual. Social effectiveness therefore presents opportunity for the improvement of the individuals well being. This approach however faces several challenges arising from globalization. The globalization approach disputes individualization of the responsibility to maintain social security and advocates for the need for unified effort for the common good (Sacks 45). This therefore limits the extent to which the individual can exercise their personal freedom without necessarily considering the opinion and of others in the same issue. In the alternative, the individual responsibility can be considered as a social commitment. There exists a collective responsibility to the individual to react to problems of society such as poverty, hunger, inflation, famine as well as the infringement of others socio-political and economic freedoms. By this we recognize the relationship between the personal freedom and the economic social and political balance(Lukes pp. 83-139). The key purpose of this freedom is to guarantee a sustainable livelihood. This therefore creates the individual agency obligation and duty to the various stakeholders to individually cooperate with the collective effort of society to safeguard human security (Stiglitz 78). Human security The basic theme in the relationship between sanctity and security is that sanctity acts as a prerequisite of security while in the alternative; there lies a duty of security to safeguard sanctity. Dignity in this context is considered as an intrinsic sanctity that should be secured at all costs. From a different approach, the need for human security arises due to the lack of such security or otherwise the existence of insecurity. In the contemporary context, there are numerous emerging instances of insecurity majority of which are motivated by economic interests as well as rel ated industrial and technological changes. AIDS falls one among these. The technological revolution has stimulated the rate of change and increased the speed at which societies are flourishing. Human beings on the other hand adapt readily to these changes, a capacity that is fully invested in the human ability to develop and modify their dignity through constant change of their environment and surroundings. Even so, the greater and more intense forces of political and economic pressure more often than not lead to the limitation of access to resources. The mobile modernity continues to worsen this state of affairs by increasing the pressures to the overstretched human security situation. These pressures continue to increase faster than trade its self-taking advantage of globalization. This can be adequately represented by the rate at which AIDS is spreading in South Africa (Nyamnjoh pp. 1-18) Security and development Human development differs greatly from human security in several re spects. While human security operates on the paradigm of human freedom and the capacity for self-actualization. Human development tows the argument for the extrinsic capacity of the individual to modify their environment and surrounding to improve their livelihood as well as that of others (Leftwich pp. 605-624). Human security â€Å"recognizes the conditions that menace survival, the continuation of daily life and the dignity of human beings† (Human Security 10). Human development provides a platform for an increase in the social status of an individual and the elimination of any pertinent un-freedoms. It operates on the premise of an equity-motivated growth in benefits and resources available to the society. It furthers the optimistic conception of self-actualization and the ability to take advantage of opportunity for individual and common good. Despite these varying arguments the human security and human development, there exist a cautious but zealous objective to maintai n human security (Toulmin 39). AIDS, Sanctity and Human Security in South Africa From the basic understanding and interpretation, AIDS is a viral disease of the body and has detrimental effects on its victims. It is considered among the worst health crises of the modern world and has to its name a heavy death toll that continues to increase by the day. In South Africa, it continues to spread faster than a bushfire. Innovative attempts have led to the development and manufacture of a retroviral alternative that serves as a temporary resolve for the infected. This however is not a preventive mechanism but rather maintenance of the situation. Researchers propose a continued increase in the statics in South Africa despite the increasing number of protective measures and investment in the prevention campaign (Polu and Whiteside 67). The virus is transmitted mostly through intimate human interactions that are more common in South African heterosexual society. Motivated by ignorance and la ck of adequate information, the number of virus infections among the adult population continues to increase with a considerable portion of these persons passing the disease to their young ones leading to a continuous cycle of infection (Tutu 57). However, a medical condition, HIV and AIDS appeals to the human capacity to safeguard their dignity and to remain cautious to the destructive potential of the disease to both physical as well as the intrinsic security. From the economic realm, AIDS impedes the capacity and ability of workers to produce and limits the labor resource (Nicholson pp. 163-177). In South Africa AIDS is estimated to reduce the Gross Domestic Product by at least 17 percent by 2020 (Monteiro pp. 1-26). In response to this security concern, the government has instigated contingency measures by securing antiretroviral drugs (Dunn pp. 137-188). This however falls short of the eminent food security and medical treatment concerns that come with the increase in the infect ions. Conclusions And Recommendations. The burden of infection or living an infection free life calls to an individual responsibility. It is apparent that the onset and influence of the Apartheid regime set the stage for the severe increase and prevalence of the HIV and AIDS scourge. All researches interrogated acknowledge a relationship between human sanctity human security and more importantly the place that HIV and AIDS has as a human security demotivator. In effect, the individual has a responsibility to act on and react to HIV and AIDS information to prevent the spread of the virus. In this same spirit, the various stakeholders such as the South African government, individuals and corporation have a duty to act as agents in the common goal and fight to maintain human security by eradicating and the disease (Grindle and Thomas Pp. 95-120). 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